A single inhaled dose treated or even prevented infection by COVID-19 and its variants
Current antibody treatments block SARS-CoV-2 by binding to one of three binding sites on the spike protein. A new protein-based antiviral binds to all three sites on the spike protein, making it more effective than current therapies. The new therapy also is low-cost, easy to manufacture, does not require complicated supply chains with extreme refrigeration and potentially could be self-administered.
A new protein-based antiviral nasal spray developed by researchers at Northwestern University, University of Washington and Washington University at St. Louis is being advanced toward Phase I human clinical trials to treat COVID-19.
Designed computationally and refined in the laboratory, the new protein therapies thwarted infection by interfering with the virus' ability to enter cells. The top protein neutralized the virus with similar or greater potency than antibody treatments with Emergency Use Authorization status from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Notably, the top protein also neutralized all tested SARS-CoV-2 variants, something that many clinical antibodies have failed to do.
When researchers administered the treatment to mice as a nasal spray, they found that the best of these antiviral proteins reduced symptoms of infection -- or even prevented infection outright.
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This was applied for at the end of 2005 and granted in the US in 2012. US8088729B2
There is another almost identical to it but with one different study author. They are both owned by the dept. of HHS, US. There are brand new patents that are highly similar that were to be transferred from the Government of the United States to Lousville. The Louisville trial was done under the Dept of Defense.
Public Citizen suggests the Modern vaccines may in fact be owned in part by others, including NIH. Clearly elements of the moderna end product were developed prior to public knowledge of a virus called SarsCov-2. Considerall we now know about what was going on with Eco Health Alliance and so on it is all very interesting.
Statnews reports: "In arguing for an investigation, the advocacy group maintained Moderna is obligated under federal law to disclose the grants that led to nearly a dozen specific patent applications and explained the financial support means the U.S. government would have certain rights over the patents.
And… “U.S. taxpayers would have an ownership stake in vaccines developed by the company.”
Despite the evidence that multiple inventions were conceived in the course of research supported by the DARPA awards, not a single one of the patents or applications assigned to Moderna disclose U.S. federal government funding,” the report stated.”
In 2016, federal scientists in partnership with academic researchers developed a new way to stabilize coronavirus spike proteins. The approach required substituting two amino acids, known as prolines, between the central helix and heptad repeat 1 (“the 2P approach”).[14] The stabilized spike protein for an earlier coronavirus produced a stronger immune response at lower doses than the naturally occurring protein.[15] The scientists filed a patent application. The patent application, in relevant part, claims:
Stabilized proteins produced using the 2P approach across a group of coronaviruses (Claims 1 and 5);
Nucleic acid molecules (e.g., RNA) encoding those proteins (Claims 39-41); and
Methods for generating an immune response and inhibiting infection with the coronavirus (Claims 45-49). [16]
Moderna describes mRNA-1273 as an “mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 encoding for a prefusion stabilized form of the Spike (S) protein.”[17] The vaccine uses the 2P approach to produce stabilized spike proteins.[18] If the ‘744 patent is granted, we believe it likely would cover mRNA-1273. This means the patent owners could exclude Moderna from using the invention. The application lists several inventors at the National Institutes of Health, along with other researchers.[19] The application states that it is owned by the U.S. government, Dartmouth College, and the Scripps Research Institute.[20] If the patent is granted, then the NIH likely has an ownership stake.
NIH-Moderna Agreements
We found two agreements that appear relevant to a COVID-19 vaccine candidate. Both had some information redacted.
“Research Collaboration Agreement 2017-1179”[21]
In May 2019, NIH and Moderna entered into a “research collaboration agreement” to develop vaccine candidates against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Nipah virus.[22] The project was focused on evaluating candidates in animal models.[23] NIH signed an amendment to the document on January 13, 2020—the day the agency and Moderna finalized the design of their novel coronavirus vaccine.[24] The amendment is significantly redacted and does not mention the new coronavirus. However, the close proximity suggests the terms of the contract may have been expanded to apply to this new project. At the very least, the terms may have been instructive for the mRNA-1273 project.
The document notes that ownership of inventions in the performance of the research project will “follow inventorship” in accordance with U.S. law.[25] It provides that “inventions made in the performance of the Research Project that are invented jointly by employees of both Parties will be owned jointly.”[26] It does not contain a requirement to license the technology developed to the private collaborator, suggesting the government maintains its full rights – including the right to use the technology as it sees fit.
“Material Transfer Agreement”[27]
NIH and Moderna agreed to transfer materials to a coronavirus scientist at the University of North Carolina for animal testing in an agreement executed December 16, 2019.[28] Notably, the materials were described as “mRNA coronavirus vaccine candidates developed and jointly-owned by [NIH] and Moderna.”[29] This likely refers to work done on an earlier coronavirus, MERS-CoV. It nonetheless provides further evidence that the federal government was developing coronavirus candidates with Moderna that it jointly owned.[30]
In addition to potentially sharing the same collaboration agreement, the nature of the MERS and new coronavirus collaborations appear similar. In both cases, the NIH worked with Moderna to develop a coronavirus vaccine that expressed a stabilized spike protein.[31]
Yup. It's giffithsin based. I've written poetry on it. literally.
Look into its history and the transfer of patents early this year!
This was applied for at the end of 2005 and granted in the US in 2012. US8088729B2
There is another almost identical to it but with one different study author. They are both owned by the dept. of HHS, US. There are brand new patents that are highly similar that were to be transferred from the Government of the United States to Lousville. The Louisville trial was done under the Dept of Defense.
Of the early, almost identical patents, on on, the inventors are
Barry O'Keefe
Toshiyuki Mori
James B. McMahon
On the other they are
Michael R. Boyd
Toshiyuki Mori
Barry R. O'Keefe
Public Citizen suggests the Modern vaccines may in fact be owned in part by others, including NIH. Clearly elements of the moderna end product were developed prior to public knowledge of a virus called SarsCov-2. Considerall we now know about what was going on with Eco Health Alliance and so on it is all very interesting.
Statnews reports: "In arguing for an investigation, the advocacy group maintained Moderna is obligated under federal law to disclose the grants that led to nearly a dozen specific patent applications and explained the financial support means the U.S. government would have certain rights over the patents.
And… “U.S. taxpayers would have an ownership stake in vaccines developed by the company.”
Despite the evidence that multiple inventions were conceived in the course of research supported by the DARPA awards, not a single one of the patents or applications assigned to Moderna disclose U.S. federal government funding,” the report stated.”
And from Public Citizen:
https://www.citizen.org/article/the-nih-vaccine/#_ftnref10
In 2016, federal scientists in partnership with academic researchers developed a new way to stabilize coronavirus spike proteins. The approach required substituting two amino acids, known as prolines, between the central helix and heptad repeat 1 (“the 2P approach”).[14] The stabilized spike protein for an earlier coronavirus produced a stronger immune response at lower doses than the naturally occurring protein.[15] The scientists filed a patent application. The patent application, in relevant part, claims:
Stabilized proteins produced using the 2P approach across a group of coronaviruses (Claims 1 and 5);
Nucleic acid molecules (e.g., RNA) encoding those proteins (Claims 39-41); and
Methods for generating an immune response and inhibiting infection with the coronavirus (Claims 45-49). [16]
Moderna describes mRNA-1273 as an “mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 encoding for a prefusion stabilized form of the Spike (S) protein.”[17] The vaccine uses the 2P approach to produce stabilized spike proteins.[18] If the ‘744 patent is granted, we believe it likely would cover mRNA-1273. This means the patent owners could exclude Moderna from using the invention. The application lists several inventors at the National Institutes of Health, along with other researchers.[19] The application states that it is owned by the U.S. government, Dartmouth College, and the Scripps Research Institute.[20] If the patent is granted, then the NIH likely has an ownership stake.
NIH-Moderna Agreements
We found two agreements that appear relevant to a COVID-19 vaccine candidate. Both had some information redacted.
“Research Collaboration Agreement 2017-1179”[21]
In May 2019, NIH and Moderna entered into a “research collaboration agreement” to develop vaccine candidates against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Nipah virus.[22] The project was focused on evaluating candidates in animal models.[23] NIH signed an amendment to the document on January 13, 2020—the day the agency and Moderna finalized the design of their novel coronavirus vaccine.[24] The amendment is significantly redacted and does not mention the new coronavirus. However, the close proximity suggests the terms of the contract may have been expanded to apply to this new project. At the very least, the terms may have been instructive for the mRNA-1273 project.
The document notes that ownership of inventions in the performance of the research project will “follow inventorship” in accordance with U.S. law.[25] It provides that “inventions made in the performance of the Research Project that are invented jointly by employees of both Parties will be owned jointly.”[26] It does not contain a requirement to license the technology developed to the private collaborator, suggesting the government maintains its full rights – including the right to use the technology as it sees fit.
“Material Transfer Agreement”[27]
NIH and Moderna agreed to transfer materials to a coronavirus scientist at the University of North Carolina for animal testing in an agreement executed December 16, 2019.[28] Notably, the materials were described as “mRNA coronavirus vaccine candidates developed and jointly-owned by [NIH] and Moderna.”[29] This likely refers to work done on an earlier coronavirus, MERS-CoV. It nonetheless provides further evidence that the federal government was developing coronavirus candidates with Moderna that it jointly owned.[30]
In addition to potentially sharing the same collaboration agreement, the nature of the MERS and new coronavirus collaborations appear similar. In both cases, the NIH worked with Moderna to develop a coronavirus vaccine that expressed a stabilized spike protein.[31]